Actively participate in global governance on climate change

Climate change is one of the serious challenges facing mankind at present, and it is a global consensus to actively respond to climate change. The 14th Five-Year Plan and the Outline of the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 clearly state that the observation and assessment of the impact of global warming on areas with vulnerable capacity in China should be strengthened, and the ability of urban and rural construction, agricultural production, and infrastructure to adapt to climate change should be enhanced. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) pointed out that "actively participate in global governance to address climate change", and emphasized "actively and steadily promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality". Promoting the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change and improving climate governance capacity are important ways for China to steadily advance the "dual carbon" goal. At present, global climate governance has entered a critical juncture, and China actively participates in and leads global climate governance, coordinates climate change mitigation and adaptation, improves compliance capacity, gradually improves climate finance and technical mechanisms, and strengthens the construction of transparency mechanisms, which will help effectively promote the realization of the "dual carbon" goal and better play a leading role in the construction of global ecological civilization.

First, strengthen capacity building for climate compliance. The compliance mechanism is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation of international agreements. While the traditional dispute settlement mechanism focuses on punitive post-remedies and is difficult to effectively address climate change, the current climate compliance mechanism emphasizes improving compliance capacity through preventive and promotional measures. China has always attached great importance to the requirements of the climate compliance mechanism, actively fulfilled its compliance obligations, submitted its NDC report to the UNFCCC Secretariat on schedule, and took multiple measures to implement the NDC targets. China has promoted carbon peak and carbon neutrality in an orderly manner, achieved good results in carbon emission reduction and carbon sequestration, and released an annual report on China's policies and actions to address climate change in a timely manner, introducing China's progress in responding to climate change, and sharing China's practice and experience in responding to climate change, a series of actions have been recognized by international organizations and praised by the international community. China has been actively participating in the construction of the international compliance mechanism, fully and deeply participating in international climate negotiations, providing China's solutions for the construction and improvement of the international climate compliance mechanism, and contributing China's wisdom to the formulation of the rules of procedure of the Compliance Committee.

The Compliance Committee plays an important role in the compliance mechanism of the Paris Agreement, and is responsible for promoting the implementation and promotion of implementation by States Parties. China has strengthened exchanges and communication with the International Compliance Committee under the framework of the Paris Agreement, collected climate information and emission data in a timely manner, compiled greenhouse gas inventory reports, submitted reports on time, improved compliance capabilities, better ensured that China's relevant policies and regulations comply with the requirements of international climate rules, and actively and steadily promoted the realization of the "dual carbon" goal.

Second, we need to accelerate the construction of transparency mechanisms. The transparency mechanism plays an important role in global climate governance, and is of positive significance for building international trust and incentivizing action to reduce emissions. China attaches great importance to the disclosure of climate information, accelerates the construction of transparency mechanisms, and improves climate governance capabilities, so as to provide a solid guarantee for the realization of the "dual carbon" goal. First of all, China has improved the relevant legislation of the transparency mechanism. Issued administrative measures for the legal disclosure of corporate environmental information, and at the same time issued relevant disclosure format guidelines, detailed the content of corporate environmental information that should be disclosed in accordance with the law, and standardized disclosure procedures and standards, so as to provide legal guarantees for the disclosure of climate information. Secondly, China has strengthened the quality management of carbon emission data, revised the technical guidelines for carbon emission accounting, reporting and verification of power generation facilities, and improved the scientificity, rationality and operability of carbon emission data accounting and verification. Establish a joint supervision mechanism at the national, provincial and municipal levels, strengthen the daily supervision of enterprise emission data, and effectively ensure the objective and reasonable assessment of carbon emissions. At present, China is vigorously building a national carbon market management platform, the carbon emission rights registration system and trading system have been in good operation, and the online open and transparent business of carbon emission data reporting, transaction performance, verification and supervision will be carried out online, and in the future, it will further improve the carbon emission data aggregation and processing technology, improve the carbon emission data accounting mechanism, improve the ability to compile greenhouse gas inventories, and strengthen the supervision of the whole process of greenhouse gas reporting, so as to better promote energy conservation and emission reduction and help high-quality development. Steadily achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

Third, we need to work together to advance climate mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation and adaptation are the two major countermeasures to deal with climate change, and jointly serve the sustainable development of human society. Mitigation focuses on controlling at source, reducing greenhouse gas emissions or increasing carbon sinks, and promoting the absorption, capture and storage of greenhouse gases to address climate change; Adaptation emphasizes the need for human society to actively adjust to the adverse effects of climate change in order to reduce the risk of climate change. As important measures to address climate change, mitigation and adaptation are complementary and indispensable, and should be promoted in tandem to minimize the adverse effects of climate change and promote the sustainable development of human society. Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a phased goal of climate change mitigation, which can effectively slow down the rate of climate change, while adaptation emphasizes the improvement of infrastructure and natural ecosystems such as energy, industry, buildings and transportation, so as to reduce the impact of climate change or prevent risks in advance, and achieve synergistic measures with mitigation.

China adheres to the principle of attaching equal importance to mitigation and adaptation, and pays attention to the combination of mitigation and adaptation measures. On the one hand, we will implement the national strategy of actively responding to climate change, adjust the industrial structure, optimize the energy structure, promote energy conservation and emission reduction in various industries, and enhance carbon sequestration capacity by improving carbon sinks in forests, grasslands, oceans and wetlands, so as to promote green and low-carbon development. On the other hand, the National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change 2035 makes overall plans and arrangements for adaptation to climate change from now to 2035, and proposes to improve the climate change observation network, strengthen climate change monitoring, prediction and early warning, strengthen climate change impact and risk assessment, and strengthen comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation. At present and in the future, China should continue to deepen the scientific understanding of climate change adaptation, further increase financial and technological investment in adaptation actions, enhance climate adaptation capacity-building, deepen the pilot construction of climate-resilient cities, strengthen the ability to adapt to climate in agriculture, transportation and health, continue to give full play to the characteristics of adaptation measures to prevent and "cure diseases" in advance, and improve the effectiveness of mitigation measures to cope with the increasing risks of climate change.

Fourth, we need to improve climate finance and technical mechanisms. Finance and technology are important supports in the fight against climate change. The international climate finance mechanism started early, and the Green Climate Fund was officially launched many years ago, but there are deficiencies in the efficiency of fund management and use. China has been committed to promoting the reform of the international climate finance mechanism and contributing to the operation of the international green climate fund. In the future, we can learn from relevant international experience, continuously improve the climate investment and financing mechanism, explore innovative green finance models, better solve the problem of fund raising and utilization, establish a transparent, efficient and fair fund allocation mechanism, strengthen supervision over the management and use of climate finance, and promote green and low-carbon development.

Climate technologies are environmentally sound technologies that can reduce the risk of climate change or help humans better adapt to climate change. China has always supported the development of international climate technology and promoted the international transfer and cooperation of climate technology. Strengthen the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation in China, vigorously promote the research and development of low-carbon technologies, and establish a platform for green technology innovation bases and a green technology patent classification system. In the future, it is necessary to further improve the climate finance and technical mechanism, actively introduce, digest and absorb international advanced green technologies, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure and the upgrading of clean equipment, and provide technical support for continuously strengthening actions to address climate change.

On the whole, tackling climate change is a systematic project. We need to innovate the path to address climate change, adhere to the new idea of green and low-carbon climate governance, further strengthen the construction of relevant rule of law, actively participate in global climate negotiations, improve China's ability to implement conventions and create rules in climate governance, deepen international cooperation, and promote the construction of a fair, reasonable and win-win global climate governance system, so as to make new and greater contributions to the sustainable development of mankind.