To continue to promote the construction of ecological civilization on the new journey, we need to deal with five major relationships

  General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed at the National Conference on Ecological Environmental Protection that to continue to promote the construction of ecological civilization, we must correctly handle the five major relationships of high-quality development and high-level protection, key tackling and coordinated governance, natural restoration and artificial restoration, external constraints and endogenous power, "dual carbon" commitment and independent action. This important exposition is not only a vivid application of the world view and methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the field of ecological civilization construction, but also the latest interpretation and development of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. It is not only a summary of the experience of China's ecological civilization construction since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, but also provides scientific guidance for the new journey to continue to promote the construction of ecological civilization.

1. Correctly handle the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection

  Correctly handling the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection requires us to deeply grasp the dialectical unity between economic and social development and ecological environmental protection in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. China's development practice in the new era has proved and continues to prove that high-level protection is an important support for high-quality development, and high-quality development can only be achieved by relying on high-level protection. High-quality development reflects the effectiveness of high-level protection, and high-level protection reflects the requirements of high-quality development. High-quality development and high-level protection are unified and consistent in nature and objectives, and the two complement and complement each other.

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has taken the construction of ecological civilization as a fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and carried out a series of pioneering work, and the construction of ecological civilization has undergone historic, turning and overall changes from theory to practice. However, promoting high-quality development still faces many dilemmas or even difficulties, and the construction of ecological civilization is still in a critical period of superimposed pressure and burden, which requires us to plan and develop from the perspective of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, strengthen forward-looking thinking, overall planning, strategic layout, and overall promotion, and correctly handle the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection. On the one hand, through high-level environmental protection, we will continue to shape new momentum and new advantages for development. It is necessary to firmly establish the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, and strengthen the strategic determination of ecological environmental protection; Strengthen the prevention of the source of the ecological environment, strictly manage the access of the ecological environment through means such as zoning management and control of the ecological environment and environmental impact assessment, and ensure the bottom line for high-quality development; Deeply implement major projects for ecological environmental protection, vigorously promote the construction of environmental infrastructure, and vigorously develop ecological and environmental protection industries. On the other hand, we should strive to build a green and low-carbon circular economy system, effectively reduce the resource and environmental costs of development, and continue to enhance the potential and stamina of development. It is necessary to accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure, energy structure, transportation structure, land use structure adjustment and green transformation and upgrading, achieve synergy in pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and shift from forcing high-quality development to forcing high-quality development and encouraging high-quality development; Promote the clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient use of energy, and support the transformation of green and low-carbon technology innovation; Through increasing financial investment, developing green finance, ecological compensation mechanisms and other policy tools, we will promote the construction of ecological environmental protection projects and the development of environmental protection industries, help high-level protection, guide the formation of green development methods and cultivate green lifestyles, and realize the coordinated promotion of ecological environmental protection and economic and social development.

2. Correctly handle the relationship between key tackling and collaborative governance

  Correctly handling the relationship between key tackling and coordinated governance requires us to grasp the complex, arduous, long-term, systematic dialectical unity relationship between ecological and environmental issues in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. The use of contradiction analysis methods in key areas has laid the foundation for collaborative governance and is conducive to driving the improvement of overall work. The indivisibility of the ecological environment and the plurality of related elements determine that ecological environment governance must adhere to the system concept and adhere to collaborative governance, which is conducive to carrying out key problems more solidly and effectively.

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has adhered to the problem-oriented and systematic concept, starting from solving prominent ecological and environmental problems, paying attention to the combination of points and areas, treating both symptoms and root causes, and realizing a major transformation from key rectification to systematic governance. However, the structural, root cause and trend pressures of China's ecological environmental protection have not been fundamentally alleviated, and the pollution problems in key regions and key industries are still prominent. Ecological environment governance is a systematic project, and in the face of the new situation and new tasks of ecological environmental protection, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the complexity of environmental factors, the integrity of ecosystems, the continuity of natural geographical units, and the sustainability of economic and social development. It is necessary not only to adhere to the concept of system, grasp the main contradictions and the main aspects of the contradictions, but also take into account the overall situation, promote the coordination of the local and the overall situation, the integration of the treatment of the symptoms and the root cause, and the integration of the present and the long term. On the one hand, effective measures should be taken to highlight environmental problems. It is necessary to focus on overcoming the prominent ecological and environmental problems around the people, so that the people can truly feel the improvement of the quality of the ecological environment; Continue to fight the battle of pollution prevention and control in depth, adhere to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and management of pollution according to law, maintain the intensity, extend the depth, and expand the breadth, deeply promote the three major defense battles of blue sky, clear water and pure land, and continue to improve the quality of the ecological environment. On the other hand, strengthen target coordination, multi-pollutant control coordination, departmental coordination, regional coordination, and policy coordination, and continuously enhance the systematic, holistic and collaborative nature of all work. It is necessary to firmly establish the overall situation and overall view of ecological governance, coordinate the integrated protection of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, and carry out the construction of ecological civilization in an all-round, all-region and whole-process manner; Improve the modern environmental governance system led by the Party committee, led by the government, and jointly participated by enterprise entities, social organizations and the public, build an institutional mechanism for integrated planning, integrated deployment, integrated promotion and integrated assessment, enhance the awareness of collaborative governance, improve collaborative governance capabilities, and create a new situation in environmental governance.

3. Correctly handle the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration

  Correctly handling the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration requires us to grasp the dialectical unity relationship between objective laws and people's subjective initiative in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. In the practice of dealing with the relationship between man and nature, it is necessary to follow the internal law of natural evolution, give it sufficient time and space for self-recovery and recuperation, but also give full play to the subjective initiative of people, for the damaged or damaged ecosystem, relying on natural restoration alone can not be reversed or the reversal cycle is long, it is necessary to use appropriate artificial restoration measures to create conditions and environment for natural restoration, accelerate the restoration process, and improve the recovery efficiency.

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the integrated protection and systematic governance of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, strengthened ecological environmental protection in an all-round, all-region and whole-process manner, re-displayed the blue sky and white clouds, and continuously expanded the green territory. However, the task of ecological environmental protection is still arduous, the foundation for the stable and good ecological environment is not yet stable, the inflection point from quantitative change to qualitative change has not yet arrived, and there is still a big gap between the quality of the ecological environment and the people's expectations for a better life, and we need to correctly handle the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration. On the one hand, build a general pattern of protection and governance from the top of the mountain to the ocean. It is necessary to accelerate the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, focus on improving the quality of the national ecological security barrier system, focus on national key ecological function areas, ecological protection red lines, nature reserves, etc., highlight problem-oriented and goal-oriented, comprehensively strengthen ecological protection and restoration work, and promote the formation of a new pattern of ecological protection and restoration in China; According to the zonal distribution law of vegetation, follow the principle of water to determine green and measure water, and it is appropriate to protect it, to ensure that it is suitable to be qiao, it is suitable for irrigation, it is suitable for grass and grass, it is suitable for wetness, and it is suitable for barrenness. On the other hand, the comprehensive use of natural restoration and artificial restoration methods, according to the local conditions, zoning and classification policies, and strive to find the best solution for ecological protection and restoration. In accordance with the pattern of land space development and protection and control requirements, in view of ecological problems and risks, fully consider regional natural endowments, carry out protection and restoration according to local conditions, and improve the scientificity and pertinence of restoration measures; Implement the requirements for the control of land and space use, strictly abide by the three control lines of ecological protection red line, permanent basic farmland, and urban development boundary, and carry out ecological protection and restoration in accordance with the use zoning and classification determined in the plan; Taking the locally suitable ecosystem as the priority reference standard, referring to the attribute characteristics of the ecosystem and future environmental change factors, formulate the protection and restoration goals suitable for the natural environment in the region, and give priority to the selection of local restoration measures and technologies.

4. Correctly handle the relationship between external constraints and endogenous dynamics

  Correctly handling the relationship between external constraints and endogenous dynamics requires us to grasp the dialectical unity of internal and external factors in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. Internal causes are the internal contradictions of things, the driving force and source of the development of things, and the fundamental cause of the development of things. External causes are the interconnection and mutual influence between things, which is a necessary condition for the development of things, and external causes accelerate or delay the development of things through internal factors. In the construction of ecological civilization, the conscious action of all people and the common care of the ecological environment by the whole society are the endogenous driving force of ecological civilization construction, and the strictest system and the strictest rule of law are the normalized external constraints of ecological civilization construction, and must achieve organic unity between internal and external.

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have adhered to the priority of ecology and the responsibility of compacting layer by layer, continuously improved ecological environment legislation and the construction of ecological civilization institutional system, continuously enhanced the consciousness and initiative of the whole party and the people of the whole country to promote the construction of ecological civilization, and achieved a major transformation of ecological environmental protection from passive response to active action. However, a simple and moderate, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy green lifestyle has not yet been truly formed, and the modernization of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity has a long way to go, and it is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between external constraints and endogenous dynamics. On the one hand, we have always adhered to the strictest system and the strictest rule of law to protect the ecological environment and maintain normalized external pressure. System is a fundamental, overall, stable and long-term issue related to the development of the cause of the party and the state. It is necessary to make overall plans to promote the revision of relevant laws in the fields of ecological environment, resources and energy, as well as key ecological function areas, implement the strictest ecological environment governance system of aboveground and underground, land-sea coordination, and regional linkage, fully implement the pollution discharge permit system, improve the natural resource asset management system system, and improve the land space use control system; Increase the severity of punishment for acts of pollution and damage to the ecological environment, effectively bring into play the strength of judicial protection of the ecological environment, and use the power of the rule of law to promote ecological environmental protection. On the other hand, it stimulates the endogenous motivation of the whole society to jointly care for the ecological environment. The life of the system lies in its implementation. The vast number of Party members and cadres should set an example in the implementation of the ecological environmental protection system, continuously enhance the institutionalization, standardization, procedure, informationization, digitalization and intelligence of work, continuously improve the modernization level of ecological environment governance capabilities, and improve the effectiveness and effect of external constraints on ecological environmental protection; Vigorously carry forward the concept of ecological civilization, cultivate ecological culture, make green and low-carbon lifestyles customary, transform the construction of a beautiful China into the conscious action of all the people, and enhance the endogenous driving force of ecological environmental protection.

5. Correctly handle the relationship between "dual carbon" commitments and independent actions

  Correctly handling the relationship between "dual carbon" commitments and independent actions requires us to grasp the dialectical unity of sharing global responsibility and grasping the development initiative when achieving the "dual carbon" goals. Fulfilling the "dual carbon" commitment requires us to maintain strategic concentration, and independent action requires us to stimulate strategic vitality. Maintaining strategic concentration is a strong guarantee for stimulating strategic vitality, and stimulating strategic vitality is an inherent requirement for maintaining strategic concentration.

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has implemented the new development concept, unswervingly followed the path of ecological priority and green and low-carbon development, launched the national carbon market trading, announced that it will not build new overseas coal power projects, accelerated the construction of a "dual carbon" policy system, and actively participated in global climate governance and international negotiations on climate change, demonstrating the responsibility of a responsible major country. However, achieving the goal of "dual carbon" is a broad and profound change, which cannot be easily achieved. As the world's largest developing country, it is undoubtedly a tough battle to achieve the highest reduction in carbon emission intensity in the world and achieve carbon peak to carbon neutrality in the shortest time in global history, and the relationship between "dual carbon" commitments and independent actions must be correctly handled. On the one hand, China's commitment to the "dual carbon" goal is unswerving. To achieve the "dual carbon" goal, it is not others who let us do it, but we must do it ourselves. As a large developing country, we must base ourselves on China's energy resource endowment, adhere to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and firmly grasp the initiative to achieve the "dual carbon" goal in our own hands. On the other hand, the path and the means, the pace and the intensity of achieving this goal should and must be in our own hands, independent of the dictates of others. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of first establishing before breaking and breaking at the same time, adhere to seeking progress while maintaining stability, implement the "dual carbon" commitment step by step in a planned manner, adhere to the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, and ensure energy security, industrial chain and supply chain security, and food security while reducing carbon; Adhere to the five principles of national overall planning, conservation priority, two-wheel drive, internal and external unimpeded, and risk prevention, and properly handle the four pairs of relationships between development and emission reduction, overall and partial, long-term and short-term goals, and government and market; Seek truth from facts, do not engage in "one-size-fits-all", plan and form a joint force across the country, fully consider the objective reality of regional resource distribution and industrial division of labor, and implement differentiated and personalized strategies; Deepen reform, do not step on the "sharp brake", adhere to the direction of energy conservation and emission reduction, take supply-side structural reform as the main line, continuously expand the supply of green and low-carbon energy, vigorously reduce energy consumption with high energy consumption and high carbon emissions, and promote the effective implementation of tasks with high-quality supply-demand interaction; Advance in an orderly manner, do not "change gears indiscriminately", fully consider the objective reality, plan comprehensively, first establish and then break, not only do a good job in the "subtraction" of energy conservation and emission reduction, but also do a good job in the "addition" of vigorously developing clean energy, promote the development of green and low-carbon advantageous industries with industrial chain thinking and ecosystem concepts, and strive to find a path of ecological priority and green development in line with China's reality.

  (Author: Wang Congxia, Deputy Director of Ningxia Research Center for Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Deputy Director and Professor of the Party School of the Ningxia District Committee of the Communist Party of China (Ningxia Administration College)