Strengthen ecological environmental protection and comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China

Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu

　　The contribution of ecological environmental protection is in the present day and the benefits are in the future. In the first year of the comprehensive implementation of the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the crucial moment when China embarked on a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, in July this year, the Party Central Committee held the National Conference on Ecological Environmental Protection again after five years, and General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the meeting and delivered an important speech, fully demonstrating that the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core attaches great importance to ecological environmental protection work, and must deeply study and understand and earnestly implement it.

　　1. Deeply study and comprehend the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, arm the mind with the party's innovative theory, guide practice, and promote work

　　General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, commanding, profound in thought and rich in connotation, is a Marxist programmatic document, which is a further innovation, enrichment and development of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, and provides a fundamental basis for the new journey.

　　The "four major changes" comprehensively summarize the great achievements of China's ecological civilization construction in the new era. The "four major changes" originated from the great practice of the decade in the new era, comprehensively summarized and systematically displayed the great achievements of China's ecological civilization construction in the new era from the perspective of combining theory and practice, connecting history and reality, and linking domestic and international, and is a high degree of condensation of the achievements of ecological civilization theory, system and practice innovation in the new era, fully demonstrating the truth power and practical greatness of Xi Jinping Ecological Civilization Thought. We must strengthen our confidence and determination, continue to forge ahead in the direction guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and continuously achieve new and greater achievements in the construction of ecological civilization.

　　The "five major relationships" have creatively enriched and developed the understanding of the regularity of ecological civilization construction. The "five major relationships" are both a summary of practice and a theoretical summary, containing rich values and methodologies, full of incisive theories and philosophies, shining with the wisdom of Marxist materialist dialectics, and a concentrated embodiment of Xi Jinping's new creation, new development and new achievements in ecological civilization thought, marking that our party has further deepened and expanded its understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction. It is necessary to firmly grasp its rich connotation and practical requirements, adhere to and make good use of the positions and viewpoints and methods that run through it, and plan and promote ecological environmental protection with a higher position, a broader vision and greater intensity.

　　The "Six Major Tasks" system deploys strategic tasks and major measures for the construction of a beautiful China. The next five years is an important period for the construction of a beautiful China, we must continue to fight the battle of pollution prevention and control, accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of development mode, focus on improving the diversity, stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, actively and steadily promote carbon peak and carbon neutrality, maintain the bottom line of safety in the construction of a beautiful China, and improve the guarantee system for the construction of a beautiful China. This is a major strategic arrangement aimed at the next five years and the goal of building a beautiful China by 2035, and it is also a deepening and materialization of the major deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. We must conscientiously check the benchmarks and tables, make efforts to comprehensively grasp and vigorously grasp the implementation, and promote the construction of a beautiful China step by step into a reality.

　　"A major requirement" emphasizes upholding and strengthening the party's comprehensive leadership over the construction of a beautiful China. Building a beautiful China is an important goal of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and we must uphold and strengthen the party's comprehensive leadership. This profoundly illustrates the extreme importance of the Party's leadership. The great practice of the new era proves that the party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the continuous success of ecological environmental protection, and it is also the fundamental place to cope with all risks and challenges and overcome all difficulties and obstacles. We must unswervingly uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership, give full play to the political advantages of the party's leadership, continuously enhance political judgment, political comprehension, and political execution, and ensure that the decision-making and deployment of the party Central Committee are implemented and effective.

　　Second, profoundly grasp the new situation and new challenges, and effectively enhance the sense of responsibility and mission for the construction of a beautiful China

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's ecological civilization construction has undergone historic, turning and overall changes from theory to practice, and has become a significant symbol of historic achievements and changes in the cause of the Party and the country in the new era. At the same time, we are also soberly aware that China's ecological civilization construction is still in a critical period of superimposed pressure and heavy forward. We must profoundly grasp the new situation and continue to show new achievements in the new journey of building a beautiful China with a sense of responsibility of "always rest assured".

　　From the perspective of green and high-quality development. Over the past decade, China has supported an average annual economic growth rate of more than 6% with an average annual energy consumption growth rate of 3%, and the cumulative reduction in energy intensity has decreased by 26.4%, which is one of the fastest reducing countries in the world. The installed capacity of renewable energy has historically exceeded the installed capacity of coal power, and the installed capacity of hydropower, wind power, solar power generation and biomass power generation has ranked first in the world. However, at present, the overall level of green development in China is not high enough, the foundation is still relatively weak, the characteristics of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions in the industrial structure are still obvious, and the phenomenon of blindly launching "two highs and one low" projects still exists. We must properly handle the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, continuously shape new momentum and new advantages for development through high-level environmental protection, and support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment.

　　From the perspective of pollution prevention and control. In the past decade, fine particulate matter (PM) in cities at the prefecture level and above across the country_2.5The average concentration dropped historically to 29 micrograms per cubic meter, and the rate of good days reached 86.5%, making it the fastest improving air quality in the world. The proportion of excellent surface water in the country has reached 87.9%, which is close to the level of developed countries. Soil environmental risks are effectively controlled. However, the inflection point of ecological environment improvement from quantitative change to qualitative change has not yet arrived, the atmosphere has not yet got rid of the "meteorological influence type", and the overall management of water resources, water environment and water ecology is still in its infancy. We must correctly handle the relationship between key tackling and coordinated governance, continue to fight the battle against pollution, and coordinate to promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth.

　　From the perspective of ecological protection and restoration. In the past ten years, China has planted a total of 1.02 billion mu of afforestation, with a forest coverage rate of 24.02%, and artificial afforestation accounts for a quarter of the world. 44 major projects for the integrated protection and restoration of landscapes, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand have been implemented, the redline area of land ecological protection accounts for more than 30% of the land area, and the wild populations of more than 300 rare and endangered wild animals and plants have steadily increased. However, China's ecological background is fragile, the overall level of ecosystem quality is still low, and formalistic problems in ecological restoration such as "filling wetlands, making water features, and inserting sticks" still occur from time to time. It is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration, follow the laws of nature, adapt measures to local conditions and regional classifications, and increase the intensity of ecological protection and restoration.

　　From the perspective of institutional rule of law. In the past ten years, China has formulated and revised more than 30 relevant laws and regulations, forming a "1+N+4" legal system for ecological environmental protection. Carrying out two rounds of central ecological environmental protection inspections has become a hard way to promote the implementation of ecological environmental protection responsibilities by local party committees, governments and their relevant departments. However, the survey found that in some places, the supervision of the ecological environment is superficial and not in place, and some enterprises have weak legal awareness, and there are problems such as abnormal operation of pollution control facilities, excessive emissions, and falsification of monitoring data. We must correctly handle the relationship between external constraints and endogenous power, adhere to the strictest system and the strictest rule of law to protect the ecological environment, and stimulate the endogenous motivation of the whole society to jointly protect the ecological environment.

　　From the perspective of global environmental governance. Over the past decade, China has promoted the entry into force and implementation of the Paris Agreement and made a solemn commitment to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. As the chairman, he successfully hosted the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) and promoted the achievement of the "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" for the world

　　Environmental governance has contributed Chinese wisdom and strength. However, the current trend of politicization of global ecological and environmental issues has intensified, and some Western countries have played the climate card and introduced policies such as carbon tariffs to transfer the responsibility of emission reduction to developing countries. We must correctly handle the relationship between the "dual carbon" commitment and independent action, base ourselves on the actual national conditions, adhere to steady progress and gradual realization, actively participate in global climate governance, and strive for strategic initiative and a favorable international environment.

　　Third, resolutely shoulder political responsibility and comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China

　　The blueprint has been drawn and the key is implementation. We must follow General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech as the fundamental guide, implement the deployment of the conference to the letter, adhere to the problem-oriented and goal-oriented, accelerate the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and strive to paint a new picture of a beautiful China.

　　The first is to strengthen the top-level design of beautiful China. Promote the issuance of documents on comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China, establish and improve the implementation system and implementation mechanism for the construction of a beautiful China, and strengthen dispatch promotion and follow-up evaluation. In-depth planning and assessment of the effectiveness of the construction of a beautiful China, and an orderly connection with the assessment of pollution prevention and control.

　　The second is to fight the battle of pollution prevention and control in depth. Adhere to precise, scientific and lawful management of pollution, continue to fight the battle of blue sky, clear water and pure land, accelerate the introduction of an action plan for continuous improvement of air quality and an action plan for the prevention and control of soil pollution sources, promote new breakthroughs in pollution prevention and control in key areas, important areas and key indicators, and fight several beautiful landmark battles with higher standards.

　　The third is to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of development methods. Promote the issuance of opinions on strengthening the management and control of ecological environment zoning, formulate an implementation plan for the comprehensive implementation of the pollution discharge permit system, and revise the Measures for the Administration of Pollution Discharge Permits. Implement the Opinions on Further Optimizing Environmental Impact Assessment and improve the EIA management service system. Promote the gradual shift from "dual control" of energy consumption to "dual control" of carbon emissions, and improve the carbon emission rights market trading system.

　　Fourth, effectively strengthen the supervision of ecological protection and restoration. Strengthen the normalization of supervision of nature reserves and ecological protection redlines. Promote the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Accelerate the introduction and implementation of China's biodiversity conservation strategy and action plan and the implementation plan for major biodiversity conservation projects. Further promote the establishment of ecological civilization demonstrations.

　　Fifth, we must guard the bottom line of building a beautiful China and building security. Establish a long-term mechanism for normalized management and control of ecological and environmental risks. Strengthen the investigation and risk prevention and control of environmental hidden dangers in key areas such as "one waste, one warehouse, one product and one heavy", promote the construction of "1+6+20" major projects of hazardous waste and the classification and grading environmental supervision of tailing ponds, and realize the supervision and informationization of the whole process of hazardous waste. Strict nuclear and radiation safety supervision to ensure that nothing goes wrong.

　　Sixth, accelerate the improvement of the modern environmental governance system. Promote the formulation and revision of relevant laws and regulations, and deepen the reform of the vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of ecological and environmental institutions below the provincial level. Give play to the sword role of the central ecological environmental protection inspector, and launch the third round of inspections in a timely manner. Deepen scientific and technological innovation in the ecological environment. Accelerate the establishment of a modern ecological environment monitoring system, ensure that the monitoring data is "true, accurate, fast and new", and study and formulate a monitoring and evaluation index system and methods for a beautiful China.