Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment: Strengthen ecological and environmental protection and comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China
Ecological environmental protection is in the present and in the future. In the first year of the full implementation of the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the critical moment when China embarked on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, in July this year, the Party Central Committee convened the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection again after five years.
1. In-depth study and comprehension of the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, arm the mind with the party's innovative theories, guide practice, and promote work
General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, with its lofty heights, profound thoughts and rich connotations, is a Marxist programmatic document, a further innovation, enrichment and development of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, and provides a fundamental basis for comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China in the new journey.
The "Four Major Changes" comprehensively summarize the great achievements of China's ecological civilization construction in the new era. The "four major changes" originated from the great practice of the new era in the past ten years, from the perspective of combining theory and practice, history and reality, and domestic and international, comprehensively summarized and systematically demonstrated the great achievements of China's ecological civilization construction in the new era, which is a high degree of condensation of the theoretical innovation, institutional innovation and practical innovation achievements of ecological civilization in the new era, and fully demonstrates the truth and practical power of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. We must strengthen our confidence and determination, continue to move forward courageously in the direction guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and continue to make new and greater achievements in promoting the construction of ecological civilization.
The "five major relationships" creatively enrich and develop the understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction. The "five major relationships" are both practical and theoretical summaries, containing rich values and methodologies, full of incisive principles and philosophies, shining with the wisdom of Marxist materialist dialectics, and are the concentrated embodiment of Xi Jinping's new creation, new development and new achievements in ecological civilization thought, marking that our party has further deepened and expanded the understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction. We must firmly grasp its rich connotation and practical requirements, adhere to and make good use of the positions, views and methods that run through it, and plan and promote ecological and environmental protection work with a higher position, a wider vision and greater efforts.
The "Six Major Tasks" systematically deploys the strategic tasks and major measures for the construction of a beautiful China. The next five years will be an important period for the construction of a beautiful China, and it is necessary to continue to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of the development mode, strive to improve the diversity, stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, actively and steadily promote carbon peak and carbon neutrality, keep the bottom line of safety for the construction of a beautiful China, and improve the guarantee system for the construction of a beautiful China. This is a major strategic arrangement aimed at the goal of building a beautiful China in the next five years and by 2035, and it is also a deepening and implementation of the major deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. We must conscientiously benchmark against the table, work hard to comprehensively grasp and implement it, and promote the construction of a beautiful China step by step into reality.
"A major requirement" emphasizes upholding and strengthening the party's overall leadership over the construction of a beautiful China. Building a beautiful China is an important goal of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and we must uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership. This profoundly illustrates the extreme importance of the party's leadership. The great practice of the new era has proved that the party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the continuous success of the ecological and environmental protection cause, and it is also the fundamental place to cope with all risks and challenges and overcome all difficulties and obstacles. We must unswervingly uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership, give full play to the party's political advantages, and constantly enhance political judgment, political comprehension, and political execution, so as to ensure that the decisions and arrangements of the party central committee are effective.
2. Deeply grasp the new situation and new challenges, and effectively enhance the sense of responsibility and mission for the construction of a beautiful China
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of ecological civilization in China has undergone historic, turning and overall changes from theory to practice, and has become a significant symbol of the historic achievements and historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country in the new era. At the same time, we are also soberly aware that the construction of ecological civilization in China is still in a critical period of superimposed pressure and heavy burden. We must deeply grasp the new situation, and continue to show new achievements on the new journey of building a beautiful China with a sense of responsibility of "always rest assured".
From the perspective of green and high-quality development. In the past ten years, China's energy consumption growth rate of 3% per year has supported economic growth of more than 6% per year, and the energy intensity has decreased by 26.4%, making it one of the countries with the fastest reduction in energy intensity in the world. The installed capacity of renewable energy has historically exceeded the installed capacity of coal power, and the installed capacity of hydropower, wind power, solar power and biomass power generation has ranked first in the world. However, at present, the overall level of green development in China is not high enough, the foundation is still relatively weak, the characteristics of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions in the industrial structure are still obvious, and the phenomenon of blindly launching "two high and one low" projects still exists. It is necessary to handle the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, continuously shape new momentum and new advantages for development through high-level environmental protection, and support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment.
From the perspective of pollution prevention and control. In the past ten years, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has historically dropped to 29 micrograms per cubic meter, and the rate of good days has reached 86.5%, making it the fastest improving country in the world. The proportion of excellent surface water bodies in China has reached 87.9%, close to the level of developed countries. Soil environmental risks are effectively controlled. However, the inflection point of improving the ecological environment from quantitative to qualitative change has not yet arrived, the atmosphere has not yet gotten rid of the "meteorological influence type", and the integrated management of water resources, water environment and water ecology is still in its infancy. We must correctly handle the relationship between key tackling and coordinated governance, continue to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, and work together to promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth.
From the perspective of ecological protection and restoration. In the past ten years, China has planted a total of 1.02 billion mu, with a forest coverage rate of 24.02%, and artificial afforestation accounts for a quarter of the world. 44 major projects for the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands and sands have been implemented, the redline area of terrestrial ecological protection accounts for more than 30% of the land area, and the wild populations of more than 300 rare and endangered wild animals and plants have increased steadily. However, the ecological background in China is fragile, the overall level of ecosystem quality is still low, and formalism problems in ecological restoration such as "filling wetlands, creating waterscapes, and sticks" still occur from time to time. It is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between natural restoration and artificial restoration, follow the laws of nature, take measures according to local conditions, and implement policies according to zoning and classification, so as to increase the intensity of ecological protection and restoration.
From the perspective of the rule of law in the system. In the past ten years, China has formulated and revised more than 30 relevant laws and regulations, forming a "1+N+4" legal system for ecological and environmental protection. Carrying out two rounds of central ecological and environmental protection inspections has become a hard move to promote local party committees, governments and their relevant departments to implement ecological and environmental protection responsibilities. However, the survey found that in some places, the supervision of the ecological environment is superficial and not in place, and some enterprises have weak legal awareness, and there are problems such as improper operation of pollution control facilities, excessive emissions, and falsification of monitoring data. It is necessary to correctly handle the relationship between external constraints and endogenous motive force, persist in protecting the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law, and stimulate the endogenous motive force of the whole society to jointly care for the ecological environment.
From the perspective of global environmental governance. Over the past decade, China has promoted the entry into force and implementation of the Paris Agreement, and made a solemn commitment to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. As the presidency, China successfully hosted the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15), promoted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, and contributed China's wisdom and strength to global environmental governance. However, at present, the politicization of global ecological and environmental issues has increased, and some Western countries have played the climate card and introduced carbon tariffs and other policies to shift the responsibility of emission reduction to developing countries. We must correctly handle the relationship between the "dual carbon" commitment and independent action, base ourselves on the actual national conditions, persist in seeking progress while maintaining stability and gradually realize it, actively participate in global climate governance, and strive for strategic initiative and a favorable international environment for China.
3. Resolutely shoulder political responsibilities and comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China
The blueprint has been drawn, and the key is implementation. We should follow General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech as the fundamental principle, implement the deployment of the conference to the letter, adhere to the problem-oriented and goal-oriented, accelerate the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and strive to draw a new picture of a beautiful China.
The first is to strengthen the top-level design of the construction of a beautiful China. Promote the issuance of documents on comprehensively advancing the construction of a beautiful China, establish and improve the implementation system and implementation mechanism for the construction of a beautiful China, and strengthen the promotion of scheduling and follow-up evaluation. In-depth planning and carry out the assessment of the effectiveness of the construction of a beautiful China, and do a good job of orderly connection with the assessment of pollution prevention and control.
The second is to fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control in depth. Adhere to precise, scientific and law-based pollution control, continue to fight the battle of blue sky, clear water and pure land, accelerate the introduction of action plans for continuous improvement of air quality and action plans for the prevention and control of soil pollution sources, promote new breakthroughs in pollution prevention and control in key areas, important areas and key indicators, and fight several beautiful landmark battles with higher standards.
The third is to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of the development mode. Promote the issuance of opinions on strengthening the zoning and control of the ecological environment, formulate an implementation plan for the full implementation of the pollutant discharge permit system, and revise the "Measures for the Management of Pollutant Discharge Permits". Implement the "Opinions on Further Optimizing the Environmental Impact Assessment" and improve the EIA management service system. Promote the gradual shift from "dual control" of energy consumption to "dual control" of carbon emissions, and improve the carbon emission market trading system.
Fourth, we should earnestly strengthen the supervision of ecological protection and restoration. Strengthen the normalization of supervision of nature reserves and ecological protection redlines. Promote the implementation of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Accelerate the introduction and implementation of China's biodiversity conservation strategy and action plan, and the implementation plan of major biodiversity conservation projects. We will further promote the demonstration and creation of ecological civilization.
Fifth, we should keep the bottom line of safety in building a beautiful China. Establish a long-term mechanism for normalized management and control of ecological and environmental risks. Strengthen the investigation and risk prevention and control of environmental hazards in key areas such as "one waste, one warehouse, one product and one heavy", promote the construction of "1+6+20" major projects of hazardous waste and the classification and grading of environmental supervision of tailings ponds, and realize the supervision and information traceability of the whole process of hazardous waste. Strict nuclear and radiation safety supervision to ensure that nothing goes wrong.
Sixth, accelerate the improvement of the modern environmental governance system. Promote the formulation and revision of relevant laws and regulations, and deepen the reform of the vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of ecological and environmental institutions below the provincial level. Give full play to the role of the sword of the central ecological and environmental protection inspectors, and launch the third round of inspections in a timely manner. Deepen scientific and technological innovation in the ecological environment. Accelerate the establishment of a modern ecological environment monitoring system, ensure that the monitoring data is "true, accurate, and fast", and study and formulate the monitoring and evaluation index system and methods for Beautiful China.
※This is the exchange speech of Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment, at the collective study of the Party Group of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on September 15, 2023.
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