Promote the transformation of energy structure with new quality productivity
practiceNear-flatWhen the general secretary was inspecting Hunan, he came to a battery material company in Changsha. After listening to the introduction of the local acceleration of the development of new quality productivity and the expansion of high-level opening up, inspecting the company's product display, and understanding the material performance test and battery production process,practiceNear-flatThe general secretary emphasized that scientific and technological innovation and high-quality development are the key to the continuous growth and invincibility of enterprises. When presiding over the symposium on promoting the rise of the central region in the new era,practiceNear-flatThe general secretary stressed that "promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, energy and transportation structure" and "accelerate the construction of a new energy system, focusing on the complementarity and deep integration of traditional energy and new energy".
High-tech, high efficiency and high quality are the basic characteristics of new quality productivitypracticeNear-flatThe general secretary of the general secretary on "energy jobs must be in their own hands" requirements, we must speed up the construction of a new energy system with demand rationalization, green development, supply diversification, intelligent deployment, and efficient utilization as the core, and effectively give full play to the strong driving force and support of new quality productivity.
Energy is the "food of industry" and the lifeblood of the national economy, which is directly related to the national economy, people's livelihood and national security. At present, China's energy development is still facing challenges such as huge demand pressure, many supply constraints, and arduous tasks of green and low-carbon transformation. In recent years, in order to meet the needs of low-carbon energy development and enhance the autonomy of energy security, China has vigorously promoted the transformation of the traditional energy system to the non-fossil energy system, and the rapid development of non-hydro renewable energy has led the world's largest wind turbine output and installed capacity. China is also the world's largest hydropower utilizer, the world's largest hydropower engineering construction capacity, nuclear power technology has generally entered the international advanced ranks, and large-capacity long-distance transmission is the world's leading.
The new quality productivity is a new high-level modern productivity, which represents a higher level of technology, better quality, higher efficiency and more sustainable. The new quality productivity in the energy sector is mainly reflected in safety, reliability, clean, low-carbon and economic efficiency. Advanced energy materials are the material basis for the development and utilization of new energy, and play an important leading and strategic role in the development of new energy and energy storage in China. Lithium-ion battery materials, nickel-metal hydride battery materials, solar cell materials, hydrogen energy and fuel cell materials, wind power conversion materials, etc. are the key materials for energy conversion and utilization and the development of new energy technologies. It is necessary to speed up the creation of more leading enterprises that master key core technologies, have high brand awareness and strong international competitiveness. To further enhance consumer confidence in new energy vehicles and other products, it is necessary to focus on the development of ultra-long-life and high-safety energy storage lithium-ion batteries, promote the research and development and application of solid-state batteries, and accelerate the application of sodium-ion batteries, flow batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and supercapacitors.
New quality productivity is the productivity in which scientific and technological innovation plays a leading role, and energy scientific and technological innovation plays a "ballast stone" role in improving energy efficiency, reducing pollution emissions, and developing new energy. In the energy structure dominated by fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, the amount of carbon dioxide released by fossil energy combustion accounts for more than 80% of the total carbon dioxide emissions from human activities. To solve this problem and achieve the "double carbon" goal, we must ultimately rely on the development of clean energy and the power of science and technology. It is necessary to promote scientific research and technological progress in the fields of wind power, photovoltaics, energy storage, technical carbon sequestration, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), and promote industrial application. Accelerate the innovation of new energy storage technologies such as compressed air, gravity energy storage, hot and cold energy storage, green hydrogen energy, and electric fuels, and carry out research in electrical integration, electric hydrogen (ammonia) coupling, new power system construction, energy network integration, and "oil and gas + new energy" storage and transportation, so as to form a large pipeline network of oil, gas, hydrogen, and carbon integration as soon as possible, effectively promote the large-scale transmission and consumption of wind power, photovoltaic, and hydropower, and improve the flexible conversion capacity between multiple types of energy.
The hydrogen energy industry is a field of great concern in the new energy system, and the world and all regions of the country are seizing the opportunity to deploy hydrogen energy. The International Energy Agency (IEA) generally believes that hydrogen will account for more than 12% of total global energy terminal demand by 2050. According to the carbon peak vision, China's annual hydrogen demand will reach 37.15 million tons and more than 130.3 million tons in 2030 and 2060, accounting for more than 5% and 20% of the final energy consumption respectively. This year's "Government Work Report" further proposes to accelerate the development of cutting-edge emerging hydrogen energy industry. At present, the most important thing in the development of hydrogen energy is to reduce the cost of use and improve convenience, and accelerate the construction of the whole industrial chain of hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and transportation, infrastructure, hydrogen fuel cell stacks, key materials, vehicle production, and supporting services with the "leapfrog strategy". Vigorously cooperate with the integrated development of "wind and solar hydrogen storage", renewable energy hydrogen production and downstream applications, and realize the new industrial chain business of market-oriented wind and solar hydrogen production and alcohol production. "Market for industry" is an effective strategy for the promotion and application of new energy products, and it is necessary to increase the popularization of hydrogen energy science, open more demonstration operation bus lines, tram lines and logistics vehicles in the park, and build hydrogen energy science and technology experience halls and hydrogen energy communities, so that the public can accept and use hydrogen energy products more and better.
Overall, China's future hydropower growth potential is limited, with the continuous decline in the development cost of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, wind power and photovoltaic power have become the main means of China's energy structure transformation. China's independent nuclear power technology is becoming more and more mature, and nuclear energy will become an important part of China's non-fossil energy. With the expansion of the utilization scale of hydrogen energy, geothermal, biomass and other resources, these sectors will also become an important supplement to the growth of China's non-fossil energy. In addition, with the accelerated rise of new industries, new models and new forms of business in China's new energy system, intelligent energy infrastructure, energy big data, multi-energy complementarity, smart energy use and value-added services will have a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of clean energy.
The author is a special researcher at the Hunan Provincial Center for Contemporary Chinese Marxism
