The development of new energy has entered the 3.0 stage, what bottlenecks will it be faced at that time, and how to break through?

The new power system salon with the theme of "innovating market mechanism and promoting the accelerated development of new energy" was held in Beijing a few days ago. The conference was hosted by the China Energy Research Society, undertaken by the Energy Policy Research Office of the China Energy Research Society, and co-organized by the Natural Resources Defense Council.

Tang Chenghui, policy researcher of State Grid Energy Research Institute, Sun Jian, director of the Reform Division of the Planning and Development Department of the China Electricity Council, Lin Weibin, director of the Energy Policy Research Office of the China Energy Research Society, Yin Xiangyong, researcher of the Nuclear Energy Special Committee of the China Energy Research Society, Zhang Jinming, deputy general manager of China South-to-North Water Diversion Group New Energy Investment Co., Ltd., Wang Wanxing, senior consultant of clean power of the Natural Resources Defense Council, and many other experts attended the seminar.

The development of new energy faces bottlenecks such as policies and markets

"It has been difficult for distributed photovoltaic to participate in the market for many years to make substantial progress, mainly because the policy system has not been straightened out, the market mechanism and management model are not perfect, and it is necessary to solve many problems such as policies and regulations, market mechanisms, and subject management. Tang Chenghui said that first, in terms of laws and regulations, there is a certain contradiction between the demand for distributed photovoltaic market entry and the existing policy basis for guaranteed acquisition; second, in terms of market mechanism, the distributed photovoltaic market transaction model still needs to be optimized; third, in terms of system regulation, most of the distributed photovoltaic does not bear the cost of auxiliary services, which is not equal to the rights and responsibilities of centralized new energy; fourth, in terms of market management, the market access management of distributed photovoltaic is not clear; fifth, in terms of transmission and distribution prices, distributed new energy "network fees" There is still a lack of a corresponding mechanism for how to collect it.

Sun Jian also believes that there are still many challenges for new energy to enter the market.

First, the green value of new energy has not been fully reflected, and more complete supporting policies are needed. There are mainly problems such as the green power quota system has not been truly implemented, the incentive mechanism for voluntary subscription of green certificates is insufficient, and the environmental premium utility of green power consumption has not been reflected.

Second, after the participation of new energy in the market, the price of electricity will fall and face greater risks. Participating in the spot market for new energy faces the risk of "price stampede", the risk of "deviation assessment" in the medium and long-term market, the risk of "curve fluctuation" in bilateral transactions, and the impact of local policy factors in the market.

Third, the value of flexible adjustment is not reasonably transmitted, and it cannot effectively guide the allocation of adjustment resources and effectively stimulate the adjustment ability of the system. "At present, the value of flexible adjustment resources in the power market has not been fully reflected, and China's auxiliary service market space needs to be improved, and it is necessary to strengthen planning guidance, policy support, and market mechanism construction, and increase the construction of auxiliary service market, so as to effectively cope with the growing volatility and intermittent problems. Sun Jian said.

What is needed for the 3.0 phase of the new energy development mechanism?

"China's new energy installed capacity will have several times the development space in the future, and the new energy development mechanism urgently needs to enter the 3.0 stage. Lin Weibin, director of the Energy Policy Research Office of the China Energy Research Society, pointed out that in the 1.0 stage of the new energy development mechanism, the rapid development of wind power and photovoltaic in China is inseparable from the strong support of policies.

In the era of new energy development mechanism 2.0, wind and solar power has entered the stage of grid parity, and the subsidies of the new energy industry at this stage have declined, while policies such as mandatory distribution and storage and supporting industries have increased costs.

Lin Weibin believes that in the 3.0 stage of the new energy development mechanism, more market mechanisms should be played to achieve organic synergy between the electricity market, the green certificate market, the carbon market and the necessary financial product market.

Tang Chenghui believes that considering the characteristics of distributed photovoltaic with many decentralized access, uneven distribution and high local density, it is recommended to promote distributed photovoltaic to participate in market transactions in an orderly manner in accordance with the basic principles of overall design and classification promotion. For the existing distributed photovoltaics, the existing policy requirements will be mainly followed, and for the new distributed photovoltaics, a market trading mechanism adapted to the development of distributed photovoltaics will be established.

In order to steadily promote the participation of new energy in the power market transaction, Sun Jian believes that it is necessary to establish and improve the policy system that reflects the green value of new energy as soon as possible, optimize and improve the power market system and mechanism that considers the characteristics of new energy, and take this as the premise and basis to promote the full participation of new energy in market transactions.

New energy should be prepared to assume the main power supply

"Nowadays, new energy has grown into the main power supply, and the mechanism and system of new energy must bear the corresponding responsibility for the main power supply under certain circumstances. Yin Xiangyong, a researcher at the Nuclear Energy Committee of the China Energy Research Society, said that the next step should be to focus on the system cost of new energy, how to return to the essence, how to transmit to the user side and other issues, should not continue to roll up on the power side.

Yin Xiangyong believes that the output of new energy is highly homogeneous, which will lead to concentrated output at the same time, and it is easy to have "involution" of new energy. If the homogeneity is too strong, there will inevitably be a "price stampede" phenomenon, so in order to guide the development in a reasonable and orderly manner, we need to consider learning from the experience of this round of research on the EU electricity reform.

Yin Xiangyong pointed out that "the green value recovery of new energy needs to be paid attention to. Green value is the biggest advantage of new energy compared with conventional energy, at present, China's willingness to buy green products, purchasing power is insufficient, so what rhythm to guide green development is more important. ”

In view of the current situation of new energy market development, Zhang Jinming said that it can be summarized by three "reductions", namely cost reduction, electricity price reduction and grid connection rate reduction.

As for how to drive the healthy development of the new energy industry through innovation, Zhang Jinming believes that it can be cut from three aspects: technological innovation, mechanism innovation and development model innovation.

First, new energy technology innovation to promote the healthy development of the new energy market, in recent years, through technological innovation to make the solar energy conversion rate higher and higher, wind power capacity is getting larger and larger, the cost is getting lower and lower, promoting the rapid expansion of new energy installed capacity. Second, promote mechanism innovation through digital and intelligent means to improve the acceptance capacity of the power system. Third, through the collaborative joint operation mechanism, we will innovate the development model, promote the development of wind, solar, water storage, source, grid, load and storage, and other scenarios, and promote the local consumption of new energy development. Promote the integrated and coordinated development of upstream and downstream industries, including enterprises, governments, and power generation enterprises, take multiple measures to promote the absorption capacity of new energy, reduce transmission and distribution costs, and increase revenues, so as to promote the healthy development of new energy.

Wang Wanxing, senior adviser to the Natural Resources Defense Council on clean electricity, said that for the new energy price mechanism, China used to use more government pricing, but now it hopes to find prices through market optimization of resource allocation. It should be noted that the consumption of new energy is not free. The cost of new energy utilization not only includes the cost of power generation, but also includes the cost of system consumption. In the context of the gradual restoration of the attributes of power commodities, the continued large-scale development of new energy in the future will significantly increase the operating cost of the system. Therefore, it is worth in-depth discussion on how to develop and utilize new energy in a high proportion economically and safely, and find solutions through policy design and related market mechanism construction.