Beautiful Chongqing: An ecological picture scroll painted among green mountains and green waters
The river flows from the ancient book Ba characters, and the mountains are painted in the present dynasty.
Chongqing - the beauty of the beautiful place of the city of mountains and rivers, the beauty is in the mountains and mountains, the birds are singing and the flowers are blooming, the beauty is in the rivers flowing, the fish are flying at the shallow bottom, the beauty is in the blue sky, the clouds are thousands of miles, the beauty is in the urban and rural areas, and the beauty is together.
Since 2023, the whole city of Chongqing has deeply studied and practiced Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, conscientiously implemented the spirit of the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection and the Conference on the Construction of Beautiful Chongqing, and adhered to the integrated promotion of water control, gas control, soil control, waste control, plastic control, mountain control, shore control, city management, and township governance, laying a solid foundation for the start of the construction of beautiful Chongqing: In 2023, the water quality of the Chongqing section of the main stream of the Yangtze River will be maintained as Class II, and the proportion of excellent water quality in 74 state-controlled sections will reach 100%, reaching the "14th Five-Year Plan" The number of days with good air quality reached 325 days, which was stable at more than 320 days for four consecutive years, and there were no heavy pollution days for six consecutive years, and the environmental quality of soil, sound and radiation remained stable.
"The road chief knows the water, and the mountains turn to Yuzhou", between the green mountains and green waters, a beautiful ecological picture of Chongqing is unfolding......
Precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law
Fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control in depth
On December 26, Chongqing released the second batch of air pollution prevention and control performance rating list of key industry enterprises in 2023, and Chongqing Conch Cement Co., Ltd., located in Zhongxian County, was recognized as A-level.
Walking into the Chongqing Conch Cement Factory in Zhongxian County, the lush grass and green trees can be seen at a glance in the clear vision, which subverts the reporter's stereotype of the gray cement factory.
"We have carried out ultra-low pollutant emission transformation. According to the relevant person in charge of Chongqing Conch Cement Plant, Chongqing Conch took the lead in implementing the transformation of the high-temperature SCR flue gas denitrification system to stably control nitrogen oxides at 50mg/m3The following three lines can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by 960 tons per year, and the ammonia escape emission concentration can be stably controlled at 5mg/m3Hereinafter. At the same time, three sets of flue gas desulfurization systems were newly built to stabilize the desulfurization efficiency at more than 93.15%, and the sulfur dioxide emission concentration in the kiln tail exhaust gas was controlled at 35mg/m3Within that, ultra-low sulfur dioxide emissions can be realized, and 800 tons of sulfur dioxide can be reduced every year. The electric precipitator at the kiln head and kiln tail of the clinker production line was also technically transformed and replaced with a bag dust collector to make the particulate matter emission concentration lower than 10mg/m3and take control measures such as corridors, storage yards, automatic cement packaging, automatic loading, stacking and packing, cleaner production, and transportation to control the fugitive emission of particulate matter to the greatest extent.
The picture shows the city of mountains and rivers, beautiful Chongqing. Photo by Long Fan
"The performance classification of key industries is the basic work for the implementation of differentiated management and control of enterprises in the emergency response to heavily polluted weather. According to the relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, enterprises with advanced environmental performance levels can reduce or exempt emergency response measures, and the worse the environmental performance level of enterprises, the stricter the control during the emergency period of heavily polluted weather, so as to truly realize "more emissions and more restrictions, less emissions and less restrictions, and no emissions and no restrictions", so as to encourage "advanced" and spur "backward", and promote industry transformation and upgrading and high-quality development.
The performance classification of key industries is one of the important measures for Chongqing to fight the tough battle of air pollution prevention and control. In 2023, Chongqing adheres to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, and has been awarded excellent results in the national pollution prevention and control campaign for four consecutive years. In terms of gas control, we will comprehensively promote and implement the eight policies to benefit enterprises in tackling key problems in gas control, encourage enterprises to carry out in-depth governance, promote the pure electrification of vehicles in the public sector, and add 182,000 new energy vehicles, improve the 3+5+7 supervision and assistance work mechanism, and help solve more than 8,000 problems, and start the city's air quality pollution early warning and response to 14 times and regional yellow warning 1 time, and the whole city will work together to deal with polluted weather. In terms of water control, the city's 18,000 river chiefs patrolled 770,000 person-times, promoted the implementation of more than 900 water pollution prevention and control tasks, and continued to implement special actions such as overflow control and capacity improvement of the drainage system in the central urban area, and the completion rate of 4,012 sewage outlets in the main streams of the Yangtze River, Jialing River and Wujiang River reached 93%, and the first batch of 58 municipal-level happy rivers and lakes were released. In terms of soil control, Chongqing has taken the lead in the country in implementing the classification of soil pollution level and the classification of use of construction land, restoring 24 polluted plots and providing 2,260 mu of net land. In terms of waste control, the construction of "zero-waste cities" has been accelerated, with a total of more than 1,500 "zero-waste cells" built, and the first batch of 17 typical cases of "zero-waste city" construction have been released. In terms of urban governance, noise complaints decreased by 9.9% year-on-year, and a total of 580 municipal-level quiet residential communities were built, and the sound environment quality compliance rate of the city's functional areas was 97.8%. In terms of township governance, 107 Bayu Hemei Rural Demonstration Villages have been established, 87 municipal-level ecological civilization construction demonstration towns (streets) have been named, and the establishment of rural black and odorous water bodies has been fully launched, with a rural domestic sewage treatment rate of 63.9%, an increase of 24.2 percentage points year-on-year, a rural sanitary toilet penetration rate of 85.9%, and a rural domestic waste collection, transportation and disposal system to achieve full coverage of administrative villages.
We should work together to protect and not engage in large-scale development
Build an important barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River
In October 2023, the ecological restoration project of Tongluoshan Mine Park was selected as one of the first batch of outstanding typical cases of "Shanshui Project" in China.
Strolling through the Causeway Mountain Mine Park, known as the "Little Jiuzhai", the verdant mountains and the Spiegel sky complement each other, and its unique pit wonders, along with the Causeway Mountain Range, are like strings of emeralds inlaid on the Causeway Mountain Mine. "If it weren't for the towering cliffs, it's hard to imagine that this was an abandoned mine just a few years ago."
Tongluo Mountain Mine Park used to be a mining area, and limestone was mined since the Ming and Qing dynasties. In this regard, Yubei District has adopted engineering methods such as land disaster control, reclamation and greening, carried out ecological restoration due to mine policies, combined with diversified pit forms, based on mine site protection and ecological restoration, with fantasy landscape as the highlight, and immersive mine tourism experience as the feature, to create a 5A-level national tourist attraction integrating ecological restoration, popular science education, cultural health care, and leisure and vacation.
The ecological restoration of Tongluoshan Mine Park is just a microcosm of Chongqing's efforts to build an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In 2023, Chongqing will carry out supervision and law enforcement of nature reserves and ecological protection redlines, and the "Green Shield" action will rectify a total of 2,118 environmental problems in nature reserves. To further promote the demonstration and creation of ecological civilization, the pastoral complex of the Three Gorges Orange Township in Zhongxian County was named as the national practice and innovation base of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", and the Apeng River in Qianjiang District and Dachang Lake in Wushan County were selected into the list of national important wetlands, and a total of 12 national ecological civilization construction demonstration zones and "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases have been created. Strengthen biodiversity conservation, accelerate the implementation of the Chongqing Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan (2022-2025), basically find out the distribution of invasive alien species in the city, preliminarily build a biodiversity observation network covering typical ecosystems in the city, and make solid progress in the "ten-year fishing ban" on the Yangtze River, and the recovery of aquatic biodiversity has initially shown a positive trend.
The picture shows the new look of the mine park. Photo by Liu Huamin
At the same time, efforts have been made to improve the level of ecological and environmental protection in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, more than 120 cooperation agreements have been effectively implemented, the construction plan of the "Liujiang" ecological corridor has been issued and implemented, the joint construction of "zero-waste cities" in Sichuan and Chongqing has been accelerated, and the "white list" of hazardous waste transfer across provinces has been promoted to the whole country.
Do a good job of addition and subtraction, and play a good combination boxing
Green and low-carbon transformation of development mode
In April 2023, Xipeng Industrial Park became one of the nine near-zero-carbon park pilots promoted by Chongqing. The park has 3 water-saving enterprises in Chongqing, 22 national high-tech enterprises, 2 digital workshops, and 2 municipal "zero-waste factories".
"This pilot is a useful attempt for the green, low-carbon, sustainable and high-quality development of Chongqing's industry, with the pilot park as a demonstration and guidance, and strive to actively explore carbon emission management, green and low-carbon transformation of the industry, improvement of energy supply quality, and highlight green and low-carbon culture in 2-3 years, and form a batch of pilot experiences that can be replicated and promoted during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment said that Chongqing is focusing on building and improving the policy system of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and accelerating the transformation from "dual control" of energy consumption to "dual control" of carbon emissions. In addition, the Chongqing carbon market has also been reformed and upgraded, and the number of Chongqing carbon markets has increased to 308. Up to now, Chongqing has achieved a total of 47.53 million tons of carbon market transactions. Solid progress has been made in the construction of green finance reform and innovation pilot zones, with the balance of green loans exceeding 660 billion yuan, and 497 climate investment and financing pilot projects in storage.
Green and low-carbon transformation requires not only carbon emission reduction, but also addition to high-quality service projects.
In 2023, Chongqing's expansion of domestic demand and steady growth will be vigorously promoted, with 2,347 environmental impact assessments of approved projects in the city, involving an investment of 384.2 billion yuan, the Yongchuan Gangqiao gas turbine cogeneration project will be completed and put into operation, the construction of the Sichuan-Chongqing 1000 kV UHV AC project will be accelerated, and a number of major municipal projects such as the Hami-Chongqing ± 800 kV UHV DC transmission project will start construction, with an additional 800,000 kW of new energy installed capacity. We continued to optimize the business environment, accelerated the timeliness of environmental impact assessment and approval by 53% compared with the statutory time limit, and included 3,451 enterprises in the positive list of supervision and law enforcement to support the healthy development of market entities.
Systematic construction and digital intelligence empowerment
Enhance the capacity of modern environmental governance
In March 2023, a bloom occurred in a river in Chongqing, and the water quality of the river decreased significantly. Liao Weiling, a senior engineer at the Chongqing Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, and his team immediately discovered the problem and issued a monitoring and early warning to avoid further deterioration of the river's water ecological environment.
How did Liu and her team discover the problem?
"We discovered the problem through the integrated remote sensing monitoring system of star-air-ground in the key basin of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Liao Weiling introduced that this system is jointly developed by the Chongqing Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences and the Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with the help of the satellite sky eye, the construction of a perception of space-time network, combined with drones and ground-based hyperspectral equipment, to achieve efficient monitoring of the quality of the water ecological environment.
"Ground-based hyperspectral monitoring equipment is mainly used to study the color change of water and the identification of suspected polluted water through hyperspectral remote sensing images. Liao Weiling introduced that the change of the composition and concentration of different substances in the water body will cause the change of the color of the water body, and the remote sensing technology can accurately calculate it by sensing the spectral characteristics of the water body.
The photo shows staff monitoring water quality at the outfall into the river. Photo by Zhang Jinhui
Different from the ground-based hyperspectral monitor's water quality monitoring at important points, the UAV equipped with hyperspectral sensors has obvious advantages in sudden water conditions, which can monitor larger-scale water areas synchronously, and satellite remote sensing firmly locks pollution in the "eye of the sky" under favorable climatic conditions. "This set of point-to-surface remote sensing monitoring scheme for water ecological environment can meet the requirements of large-scale, high-convenience and fast response of ecological environment monitoring and management. Liao Weiling said.
The integrated remote sensing monitoring technology is just an effective exploration of Chongqing's digital intelligence to empower ecological environmental protection and improve modern environmental governance capabilities.
According to reports, at present, Chongqing has generally realized that the three major environmental elements of water, gas and sound have entered the stage of automatic monitoring. At the same time, it also strengthened data governance, built and improved the ecological environment data resource catalog covering 2,486 items of data in 145 categories, and accelerated the construction of three major applications: "Bayu water control", "Bayu gas control" and "Bayu waste control".
The relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment said that building a beautiful Chongqing is an important goal of the construction of a modern new Chongqing, and it is the most recognizable and iconic "golden business card" of Chongqing. In the next step, Chongqing will fight the battle of blue sky, clear water and pure land, adhere to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, and make every effort to build beautiful and happy rivers and lakes, protect the beautiful blue sky, and build a pure land homeland. Implement the coordinated management of plastic restriction and waste reduction, promote plastic waste treatment in the whole chain and all links, build a "zero-waste city in the whole region" with high standards, and carry out in-depth "white pollution" reduction actions. Enhance the overall beauty of urban and rural features, improve the quality of the construction of "green mountains and thousands of miles of forest belt on both sides of the strait", carefully shape the most beautiful coastline, and accelerate the creation of Bayu and beautiful villages. Strengthen the conservation of biodiversity, promote the construction of a system of nature reserves, implement projects for the protection of endangered wild animals and plants, and strengthen biosecurity management. We will build a highland for green and low-carbon development, develop and expand green and low-carbon industries, promote carbon reduction in key areas, accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and form a green lifestyle. Promote the reshaping of the ecological governance system, establish and improve the framework of the digital ecological and environmental protection system, lay out and build major applications of digital ecological and environmental protection, consolidate the environmental data base, and build a digital governance system for beautiful Chongqing.
