The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment answered reporters' questions on the "Action Plan for Continuous Improvement of Air Quality".

　　Q: What is the background of the Action Plan?

　　Answer:Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the State Council has successively issued and implemented the "Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control" and the "Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense War" (hereinafter referred to as the "Three-Year Action Plan") to promote significant improvement in air quality_2.5) concentrations and the number of heavily polluted days have dropped dramatically. 2020, PM_2.5The concentration of cities at and above the prefecture level that did not meet the standard was 37 micrograms/cubic meter, a decrease of 28.8% compared with 2015, and the national ratio of good days was 87.0%, an increase of 5.8 percentage points compared with 2015, both exceeding the requirements of the binding indicators of the "13th Five-Year Plan", and the people's sense of blue sky gain and happiness was significantly improved. However, the atmospheric environment situation in China is still severe, and some areas are in autumn and winter_2.5Pollution is prominent, the long-term, complex and arduous nature of atmospheric environmental problems still exist, and there is still a big gap between air quality and the requirements of protecting people's health and the goal of building a beautiful China. Since the beginning of this year, due to multiple factors, especially the extremely unfavorable meteorological conditions, the sand and dust processes have increased significantly, and the air quality has rebounded year-on-year.

　　The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the prevention and control of air pollution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the battle to defend the blue sky is the top priority of the battle, and it is necessary to take key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surroundings, the Yangtze River Delta and the Fenwei Plain as the main battlefield, vigorously promote the coordinated emission reduction of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants, and continue to reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter. It is necessary to take comprehensive measures to speed up the elimination of heavily polluted weather and protect the beautiful blue sky. In order to thoroughly implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, continuously improve the people's sense of blue sky, and promote high-quality economic development with continuous improvement of air quality, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, together with 26 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Transport, jointly formulated the Action Plan.

　　Q: What is the overall idea of the Action Plan?

　　Answer:Guided by Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, deeply implement Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization, implement the deployment of the National Conference on Ecological Environmental Protection, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress in stability, and coordinate to promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, with improving air quality as the core, focusing on reducing heavily polluted weather and solving outstanding atmospheric environmental problems around the people, so as to reduce PM_2.5Concentration is the main line, vigorously promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carry out regional coordinated governance, highlight precise, scientific and law-based pollution control, improve the atmospheric environmental management system, and enhance pollution prevention and control capabilities; combine research and planning air pollution prevention and control paths from near and far, solidly promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industry, energy and transportation, strengthen non-point source pollution control, strengthen source prevention and control, accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon production and lifestyle, and achieve a win-win situation of environmental, economic and social benefits.

　　Q: What are the objectives of the Action Plan?

　　Answer:The Action Plan fully integrates and fully absorbs the "Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035", the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening the Battle of Pollution Prevention and Control", and the "14th Five-Year Plan for Ecological and Environmental Protection"._2.5Pollution control is the core, vigorously promote the reduction of nitrogen oxides and VOCs, and propose that "by 2025, the national prefecture-level and above cities PM."_2.5The concentration will be reduced by 10% compared with 2020, the proportion of days with severe pollution and above will be controlled within 1%, and the total emissions of nitrogen oxides and VOCs will be reduced by more than 10% compared with 2020. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, Fenwei Plain PM_2.5The concentration decreased by 20% and 15% respectively, and the Yangtze River Delta region PM_2.5The concentration is generally up to standard, and Beijing controls it within 32 micrograms/cubic meter. ”

　　Q: What are the main considerations for the adjustment of the priority areas of the Action Plan?

　　Answer:The "Three-Year Action Plan" regards the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Fenwei Plain as the three key areas for air pollution prevention and control, and puts forward stricter task measures, more policy support and higher target requirements, focusing on key areas to carry out pollution control, giving full play to the leading role, and promoting the improvement of air quality across the country. On the basis of maintaining the original key areas, the Action Plan optimizes and adjusts individual cities based on the actual work in recent years, taking into account factors such as regional pollution transmission contribution, air quality status, and administrative management needs. Specifically, one is to put PM_2.5Cities in the southwestern part of Shandong, central and southern Henan, which have a high concentration, have been incorporated into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas, eliminating the "blank area" between the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the surrounding areas and the Yangtze River Delta region, thus making it more conducive to regional joint prevention and control; second, adjusting some cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the surrounding areas and the Fenwei Plain, so that a province is only in one key area, which reduces administrative costs; and third, the PM_2.5Some cities in southern Zhejiang and southern Anhui, where the concentration is basically stable and up to the standard and have a small contribution to pollution in the Yangtze River Delta region, are transferred out, highlighting key points and making precise efforts. The key areas after the adjustment are as follows:

　　Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas are "2+36 cities". Including Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Handan, Xingtai, Baoding, Cangzhou, Langfang, Hengshui City, Xiong'an New Area and Xinji and Dingzhou City in Hebei Province, Jinan, Zibo, Zaozhuang, Dongying, Weifang, Jining, Tai'an, Rizhao, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou, Heze City in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Anyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Puyang, Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu, Zhoukou City and Jiyuan City in Henan Province.

　　Yangtze River Delta region. Including Shanghai, Jiangsu Province, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Huainan, Ma'anshan, Huaibei, Chuzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou, Lu'an, Bozhou in Anhui Province.

　　Fenwei Plain. Including Taiyuan, Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, Linfen, Luliang City in Shanxi Province, Xi'an, Tongchuan, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan City in Shaanxi Province, Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone, Hancheng City.

　　_{Q: What are the major tasks and measures of the Action Plan?}

　　_Answer:The Action Plan proposes nine key tasks.

　　The first is to optimize the industrial structure and promote the green upgrading of industrial products. It includes resolutely curbing the blind launch of high-energy-consumption, high-emission and low-level projects, accelerating the withdrawal from backward production capacity in key industries, comprehensively carrying out the upgrading and transformation of traditional industrial clusters, optimizing the structure of raw and auxiliary materials and products containing VOCs, and promoting the healthy development of green and environmental protection industries.

　　The second is to optimize the energy structure and accelerate the development of clean, low-carbon and efficient energy. It includes vigorously developing new and clean energy, strictly and reasonably controlling the total coal consumption, actively carrying out the shutdown and integration of coal-fired boilers, implementing clean energy substitution for industrial furnaces and kilns, and continuing to promote clean heating in the northern region.

　　The third is to optimize the transportation structure and vigorously develop a green transportation system. It includes continuously optimizing and adjusting the structure of cargo transportation, accelerating the improvement of the clean level of motor vehicles, strengthening the comprehensive management of non-road mobile sources, and comprehensively ensuring the quality of refined oil.

　　Fourth, strengthen the control of non-point source pollution and improve the level of refined management. It includes deepening the comprehensive treatment of dust pollution, promoting the comprehensive improvement of the mine ecological environment, and strengthening the comprehensive utilization of straw and the ban on burning.

　　Fifth, strengthen the emission reduction of multiple pollutants and effectively reduce the emission intensity. It includes strengthening the comprehensive treatment of the whole process and all links of VOCs, promoting the in-depth treatment of pollution in key industries, carrying out special treatment of catering fumes and odors, and steadily promoting the prevention and control of atmospheric ammonia pollution.

　　Sixth, strengthen the construction of mechanisms and improve the atmospheric environment management system. It includes the implementation of urban air quality standard management, the improvement of regional air pollution prevention and control coordination mechanisms, and the improvement of heavy pollution weather response mechanisms.

　　Seventh, strengthen capacity building and strictly supervise law enforcement. It includes improving the ability of atmospheric environment monitoring and monitoring, strengthening atmospheric environment supervision and law enforcement, and strengthening scientific and technological support for decision-making.

　　Eighth, improve the system of laws, regulations and standards, and improve environmental and economic policies. It includes promoting the formulation and revision of laws and regulations, improving the system of environmental standards and technical specifications, improving the incentive and restraint mechanism of prices and taxes, and actively playing the role of fiscal and financial guidance.

　　Ninth, it is necessary to implement the responsibilities of all parties and carry out national actions. This includes strengthening organizational leadership, strictly supervising and assessing, promoting information disclosure, strengthening publicity and guidance and international cooperation, and implementing national actions.

　　Q: What are the important fiscal and tax policy supports in the Action Plan?

　　Answer:The continuous improvement of air quality requires joint action by the government, enterprises and all aspects of society, and the fiscal and tax policies involved in the Action Plan mainly include:

　　The first is to improve the incentive and restraint mechanism of prices and taxes. In terms of industrial structure, it mainly includes the implementation of peak-to-valley time-of-use electricity prices and the improvement of tiered electricity prices for high-energy-consuming industries; in terms of energy structure, it mainly includes the "coal-to-electricity" for clean heating and the peak-to-valley electricity price and clean heating price policy on the sales side of heating electricity; in terms of transportation structure, it mainly includes the implementation of supportive electricity price policies for shore-based power supply in ports, encouraging all localities to give active support to the charging of buses and trams in new energy cities, and studying the implementation of the "fixed price" for railway freight In terms of environmental protection tax, we will strengthen policy support, improve the collection system, and accelerate the inclusion of VOCs in the scope of collection.

　　Second, it is necessary to give full play to the role of finance and finance in guiding. It mainly includes orderly expanding the scope of central financial support for clean heating in the northern region, increasing credit financing support in the fields of upgrading traditional industries and clusters, industrial pollution control, construction of special railway lines, and promotion of new energy railway equipment, attracting investment in green financial products, and supporting the issuance of green bonds.

　　_{Q: How to do a good job in the implementation of the responsibilities of the Action Plan?}

　　_Answer:First, strengthen organizational leadership. Adhere to and strengthen the party's overall leadership over the prevention and control of air pollution. Local governments at all levels are responsible for the overall responsibility for air quality within their respective administrative areas, and organize the formulation of local implementation plans. All relevant departments should coordinate and cooperate in the implementation of the division of tasks, and consider the need for continuous improvement of air quality when introducing policies.

　　The second is to strictly supervise and assess. The completion of air quality improvement goals should be regarded as an important part of the evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution prevention and control. Incentives will be given to areas that exceed their targets; punishments will be imposed on areas that have not fulfilled their targets in terms of fund allocation, project approval, honors and commendations, and accountability; and special inspections will be organized and carried out in light of the situation in areas with outstanding problems.

　　The third is to implement national action. Mobilize all sectors of society to participate in the protection of the atmospheric environment. The government has taken the lead in green procurement, using products with low (no) VOCs content across the board. Improve the reward mechanism for whistleblowing, and encourage the public to actively provide clues on environmental violations. Central enterprises take the lead in guiding green production and promoting pollution control and emission reduction. Strengthen citizens' awareness of the environment, promote the formation of a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle, and jointly improve air quality.

　　Contribution | Department of Atmospheric Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment