What obstacles should be overcome in the "trade-in" of new energy vehicles?
The "trade-in" policy for new energy vehicles has been intensively introduced this year. On March 7, the State Council issued the "Action to Promote Large-scale Equipment Renewal and Trade-in of Consumer Goods."scheme》。 On April 26, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Finance and other seven departments issued the "Implementation of Automobile Trade-in Subsidy".Details(hereinafter referred to as the "Detailed Rules"), it is proposed that from now until December 31, 2024, individual consumers can receive a subsidy of 10,000 yuan if they scrap fuel passenger vehicles with emission standards of China III and below, or scrap new energy passenger vehicles registered on or before April 30, 2018, and purchase new energy passenger vehicles included in the "Catalogue of New Energy Vehicle Models for Reduction and Exemption of Vehicle Purchase Tax" of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
The trade-in can be traced back to 2009's "home appliances to the countryside". Nowadays, new energy vehicles are also pinned on high hopes. The effectiveness of this policy in boosting consumption, promoting technological upgrading, and reducing carbon emissions will depend on a number of factors, including the strength of government support, the improvement of infrastructure, and consumer acceptance.
As one of the cities with the highest number of new energy vehicles in China, as well as an important center for the production and consumption of new energy vehicles, Beijing is an important reference for other cities on how to advance this work. The researchers discussed the prospects and potential impact of the policy through exchanges with the heads of new energy vehicle companies, car owners and those involved in the planning of the new energy vehicle industry in Beijing.
The dual objectives of the policy
Trade-ins include pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids (including range extenders), and fuel cell vehicles. According to data from the Ministry of Public Security, the number of new energy vehicles in the country was 1.54 million at the end of 2017 and rose to 2.61 million at the end of 2018. At the end of 2017, the number of new energy vehicles in Beijing was170 thousandvehicles, and a year later225,000Vehicle.
It is understood that Beijing Automobile scrapped and renewedSubsidy policyImplement the national policy and subsidize 10,000 yuan for scrapping passenger cars with emission standards of China III and below or new energy passenger vehicles registered before April 30, 2018 (including that day) and purchasing new energy passenger cars included in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's "Catalogue of New Energy Vehicle Models for Reduction and Exemption of Vehicle Purchase Tax". The researchers learned from the relevant departments of Beijing that the current trade-in policy treats plug-in hybrid vehicles as new energy vehicles and enjoys corresponding subsidy policies.
People close to the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology said that the "trade-in" of new energy vehicles, from the perspective of local governments, the purpose is more inclined to stimulate consumption, but from the national level, it is necessary to encourage consumers to update old cars, but also to promote more energy-saving and carbon-reducing models.
Affected by the slowdown in land transfer revenue, local finances are in a tight balance, will there be additional financial resources to support the "old for new" policy? The above-mentioned "Detailed Rules" make it clear that the subsidy funds for car trade-in shall be shared by the central and local governments in a ratio of 6:4, and the specific sharing ratio shall be determined by region. Among them, the eastern provinces will be shared in a ratio of 5:5, the central provinces will be shared in a ratio of 6:4, and the western provinces will be shared in a ratio of 7:3. The provincial finance department shall take the lead in implementing the part of the local burden. However, some relevant people from the local Development and Reform Commission told the researcher that the proportion of the "three guarantees" (ensuring basic people's livelihood, wages, and operation) of local finance is relatively large, and whether the "old for new" car "trade-in" can provide sufficient supporting funds needs to be determined according to the actual situation.
The effect of the policy may vary depending on the applicable population
Some Beijing new energy vehicle owners said that car owners who decide to replace new energy vehicles will consider the attractiveness of the subsidy amount, which is also different for models with different prices. For new energy vehicles with a price of about 100,000 yuan or less, the subsidy of 8,000-10,000 yuan accounts for a significant proportion, and "trade-in" is more attractive to such car owners. For new energy vehicles with a higher price of more than 200,000 yuan, if the subsidy amount can reach 3 to 50,000 yuan, that is, about 10% of the subsidy ratio, consumers can be attracted to consider changing cars.
In addition, some car owners told researchers that the license plate quota policy is an important consideration when buying new energy vehicles. Even with financial subsidies, license plate restrictions can still be a barrier for consumers to buy a new car. Cui Dongshu, secretary general of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, introduced that in Beijing and other limited cities, owners of fuel vehicles, if they want to buy new energy vehicles, they must give up the 5-digit fuel license plate and replace it with a 6-digit new energy vehicle license plate, "Many people are unwilling, so they are reluctant to change new energy vehicles." It is recommended that the blue and green cards be combined. ”
Cui Dongshu said that if Beijing wants to achieve the policy effect, it needs the help of enterprises and dealers to increase stimulus.
Expand the reach of charging infrastructure
The above-mentioned person close to the Economic and Information Bureau pointed out that on the government side, the construction of sufficient and convenient infrastructure (especially charging facilities) is the key to the development of the new energy vehicle industry.
Previously, the surging city report pointed out the distribution of new energy charging facilities in BeijingThere are structural problems。 He suggested that in the latest Beijing automobile industry plan, the specific goal of charging facilities construction can be proposed, that is, the construction of high-efficiency charging stations on highways and urban arterial roads, similar to gas stations, and the availability of charging facilities within 500 meters of residential areas, so as to reduce public concerns about the range of electric vehicles.
Secondly, he pointed out that the current maintenance service of new energy electric vehicles is different from that of traditional fuel vehicles, which requires specialized sites, technologies and personnel. This includes insulated and safe premises, equipped with charging and battery management facilities, expertise in battery technology and electric system maintenance, and professionals trained in high-voltage safe operation and EV-specific techniques. As a result, governments and enterprises need to strengthen their capacity building to support the popularization of new energy vehicles.
