Hangzhou West Lake District: Make the best use of "straw" to help rural ecology and common prosperity
"Tea stalk and straw burning are prone to air pollution and can also pose fire hazards. It has always been a headache for our grassroots level. The relevant person in charge of Zhuantang Street, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, said. As the core production area of Longjing tea in West Lake, Zhejiang Province, Xihu District of Hangzhou City has a total of about 15,900 mu of tea gardens and a planting area of more than 33,000 mu of various crops, which will produce a large number of waste tea stalks and straws, which are usually disposed of by incineration, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources is low. Due to the proximity of some farmland and tea plantations to Xishan National Forest Park, burning has an adverse impact on local eco-tourism, traffic safety (close to the Ring Expressway), and residents' lives.
In recent years, in combination with the construction of a "zero-waste city", Xihu District has consolidated the integrated supervision of law enforcement, explored a new model of agricultural waste recycling and straw burning ban, and achieved phased results. In 2023, the comprehensive production of crop straw in the whole region will be 8,400 tons, and the utilization rate will reach 98.01%.
Strengthen responsibility, pressure transmission highlights "strict"
The National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection proposed that we should adhere to the emphasis on precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, deeply fight the battle of pollution prevention and control, and continue to improve environmental quality. To control pollution systematically, we must adhere to the concept of systems and form a joint force for pollution control.
In this regard, Xihu District has set up a leading group for rectification work headed by the main leaders of the district, issued the "Notice on Further Strengthening the Comprehensive Utilization of Straw and Banning Burning", included the ban on burning in the supervision and annual assessment system, clarified the division of responsibilities, and the discipline inspection department tracked the effectiveness and implemented a long-term supervision mechanism.
The relevant person in charge of the West Lake District Ecological Office said, "The treatment of straw must pay attention to the combination of dredging and blocking. "On the one hand, Xihu District actively coordinates the town and street governance grid and the law enforcement forces of various departments, forming a supervision team with territorial, comprehensive administrative law enforcement, and public security as the main force, and the ecological environment and agriculture (forestry) industry linkage. Up to now, more than 300 people have been persuaded and educated to burn straw, more than 520 burning sites have been extinguished, and 4 cases have been filed for investigation and punishment. During the support period of the Asian Games, all-weather dynamic patrols were carried out, and the shortest detection and disposal time was compressed to less than 5 minutes, so as to minimize the impact of straw burning flue gas on air quality.
On the other hand, increase financial investment, take the form of "government subsidies, enterprise operation, village community leadership, and national participation", implement ecological compensation funds of 2 million yuan, encourage agricultural enterprises to participate in the comprehensive resource utilization of straw, and promote the full quantitative utilization of straw. Through the recycling subsidy incentive mechanism, the participation of smallholder farmers has been promoted, and the recycling volume has increased from 200 tons to more than 600 tons per year.
Strengthen comprehensive governance, and highlight the "real" of ecological common prosperity
The Xihu District Agriculture and Rural Bureau arranges financial funds of 10 million yuan every year to solve the concerns of tea farmers about burning ash for fertilizer and insecticide by taking measures such as global drone plant protection flight prevention, green prevention and control of pests and diseases, increased application of organic fertilizer for rapeseed cake, distribution of high-quality fried tea oil, and purchase incentives for tea enterprises. Carry out the centralized cleaning of tea stalks in tea gardens, clean up more than 500 tons of tea stalks every year, use microbial decomposition technology to transform into nutrient soil, and at the same time, the residue after fermentation on the mushroom bed is processed into organic fertilizer and returned to farmers, effectively improving the soil structure of farmland and preventing incineration from the source.
The local village cadres lamented that "the previous ecological burden has become the current green wealth". In Shangchengdai Village, the West Lake Branch of the Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment jointly carried out the "West Lake Longjing" low-carbon pilot project, which effectively improved the yield and quality of tea, reduced energy consumption, reduced carbon emissions, and promoted the "zero carbon" of famous and high-quality agricultural products, with a per capita disposable income of more than 58,000 yuan for local residents. In Shuangpu Town, through the establishment of 50 acres of agricultural and forestry straw planting straw mushroom resource utilization technology pilot demonstration project, the introduction of 33 "nutritious, healthy" mushroom species, the annual output of mushrooms is more than 100,000 catties, driving local farmers to increase income by more than 500,000 yuan.
In Shuangpu Town, Hangzhou Gelvying Agricultural Science Education Base, there is a "mushroom farm", where waste tea stems and straws are crushed and processed as substrate and nutrient soil to grow mushrooms, and also regularly launch research and picking experience activities, the integration of ecology, popular science, and cultural tourism has immediately activated the beautiful rural agricultural tourism industry, and has received 117 batches of tourist groups and carried out 56 second classroom activities in the past two years. In Zhuantang Street, through the comprehensive renovation of the environment of the tea village, "Longjing tea, slow life, and deep breathing" have become the three golden business cards of Zhuantang rural tourism. The air in the village is fresh, the village is beautiful and tidy, and the village appearance is orderly, showing a typical Jiangnan tea town style, changing the straw burningpracticeThe concept of habitual and protective green homes is imperceptibly integrated into the lives of villagers.
Strengthen the integration of intelligent governance, and highlight the "quasi" in supervision and inspection
Scientific pollution control is also inseparable from advanced technology. Xihu District has developed the application scenario of "intelligent management of forest fires", installed 40 high-altitude cameras on important hills and commanding heights in the district, and comprehensively used high-altitude observation platforms, AI intelligent identification, drone cruising and other measures to carry out real-time supervision of open burning, and since the trial operation in August 2023, more than 2,000 alarm messages such as straw burning have been received and disposed of. Open up the "West Lake Code", realize the real-time flow of disposal information on the "four platforms" of grassroots governance, and continuously improve the efficiency of supervision.
In Xishan National Forest Park, 32 temporary forest fire inspection points have been set up here, each of which is equipped with two inspectors to inspect the mountains and forests near the points, focusing on on-site supervision of agricultural fires such as straw burning. Forest fire prevention, public security joint defense, volunteers and other personnel participate in mass prevention and control to maximize the supervision team. Increase on-site inspections 1 to 2 times during key periods and key areas during the agricultural season, basically covering the whole area and all times.
In order to improve the ecological level of tea gardens, the West Lake District Agriculture and Rural Bureau increased investment in science and technology, and deployed natural enemy-friendly insecticidal lamps, sound and light prevention and control, and intelligent monitoring of tea gardens in tea gardens, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides by 58%, reducing the average amount of chemical fertilizers per mu by 41%, and significantly improving the soil environment. By visiting every household, the local village community issued more than 10,000 copies of policy understanding cards and brochures, and carried out publicity activities, drone shouting, SMS reminders, etc., to enhance villagers' awareness of the comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste such as tea stems and the prohibition of incineration.
In the next step, Xihu District will strengthen the grassroots governance system, expand the scope of source recycling, fine digital and intelligent supervision, promote the comprehensive utilization of tea stem straw and the ban on burning, include the straw burning work in the supervision and supervision system, adhere to the problem-oriented, goal-oriented, and result-oriented, launch the brand of "waste-free farmland", strive to create a "zero burning area" for straw in the whole region, and help the construction of high-value urban and rural ecological co-prosperity.
