In the golden autumn season, the 100,000 acres of arbor forest area from North Xiehe Yi to Qizhu in Guyang County is a vibrant scene.In recent years, based on the development orientation of "three mountains and two cities", Guyang County has anchored the goal of "clear mountains and clear waters, abundant forests and grasses, prosperous industry and people's benefits, and harmonious symbiosis", and adopted the measures of "increasing forests and expanding greenery, stock optimization, variable prevention and control, and total revitalization" to promote the construction of high standards of forest and grass ecology, the improvement of high-quality forest and grass quality, and the high-level development of forest and grass economy.Guyang County is located in the central and western part of the autonomous region, about 53 kilometers north of Baotou City, at the northern foot of Daqing Mountain, in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River. Historically, Guyang County used to be lush with trees and abundant water and grass, but later the ecological environment was degraded due to various reasons, and then it became a difficult living environment. In the south of the county, the mountains of Daqing Mountain are undulating, the central part of the beach and river are staggered, and the northern part of the hills is widely spread, and the terrain is vividly described as "four hills and five mountains, only one point is the beach river", and "nine droughts in ten years, spring drought every year" has become the norm.In order to change the harsh ecological environment, Guyang County has scientifically promoted large-scale land greening actions, relying on rich land resources to achieve "forest and greening". Since 2016, a total of 1.85 million mu of forest and grass projects have been completed, including returning farmland to forest, natural forest protection, Beijing-Tianjin sand source control, mountain ecological restoration, and greening in key areas, of which 1.3913 million mu have been completed in a new round of returning farmland to forest and grassland, accounting for 91.3% of the total task of Baotou City and 31.2% of the total task of the autonomous region. According to the data released by the three land surveys, Guyang County has a forest area of 774,000 mu, grassland of 3.18 million mu, wetland of 93,000 mu, and ecological restoration of mining enterprises in the Yellow River Basin is more than 8,000 mu. In the past, "a piece of grass in summer and autumn, a slope of sand in winter and spring" has become a scene of "green in all seasons and full of forests and seas" today.Relying on ecological projects such as the northern sand control belt, financial subsidy afforestation, and the pilot demonstration of land greening by the central government, Guyang County focuses on high-quality afforestation and greening in suitable forest areas such as barren beaches and barren mountains, degraded woodlands, mining enterprises, gaps in villages, and scenic spots, forming a forest ecosystem with a combination of trees and irrigation, diverse tree species and beautiful landscapes, improving the forest coverage rate and increasing the forest carbon sink. For the demarcation of basic grasslands, incentives and subsidies and prohibition of grazing and other protection areas, artificial enclosure, reseeding and restoration, biological prevention and control and other measures have been adopted, and 60,000 mu of grassland enclosure, 61,000 mu of artificial grass planting, and 350,000 mu of grassland rodent and insect pest control have been completed. In 2022, the comprehensive vegetation coverage of grassland in the county reached 45%, the structure of grassland plant community continued to improve, biodiversity continued to increase, and the grassland ecological environment was effectively improved.It is necessary not only to increase greenery, but also to protect greenery. Guyang County has always adhered to the principle of "variable prevention and control, green development", and promoted forest and grassland fire prevention, pest prevention and control, and resource supervision and law enforcement at a high level, so as to escort the green ecological safety barrier built. In terms of forest and grassland fire prevention, the responsibility chain of "prevention" and "rescue" has been connected, 89 public notices of the three-level forest chief system have been set up in counties, towns and villages throughout the county, 9 prevention and control responsibility areas have been demarcated, and 11 high-definition video surveillance have been used to cooperate with ground patrols to strengthen coordination and cooperation, and strive to ensure "zero fire" in forests and grasslands.Three points of afforestation, seven points of management. Guyang County has improved the supervision efficiency of forest and grass resources, severely cracked down on illegal and criminal acts related to forests and grasses, deepened five long-term control mechanisms such as source control, forest supervision, law enforcement linkage, audit and management coordination, and supervision and assessment, built 17 national-level grassland pest monitoring points, and did a good job in the monitoring and forecasting of wild animal epidemic sources and diseases, and did a good job in the prevention and control of major forest and grass pests such as pine wood nematode disease and American white moth.It is necessary not only to protect lucid waters and lush mountains, but also to build gold and silver mountains. Relying on resource advantages, Guyang County focuses on "total revitalization", adheres to ecological priority and green development, adheres to ecological benefit and rational utilization, promotes the utilization of resource advantages in forest areas and sandy areas in Guyang mountainous areas, and develops green industries to enrich the people. Six afforestation companies and forestry afforestation cooperatives have been introduced successively, leading farmers to plant 5,000 mu of skullcap, 3,000 mu of astragalus membranaceus and 12,000 mu of Xanthus under the forest or in the forest; three professional cooperatives have been organized to produce 120,000 tons of granules and flocculent forage from the residue of caragana shrub stubble; the popularity of forest and grassland tourism in Chunkun Mountain and Ma'anshan has been enhanced, and the annual reception of forest and grassland tourism has reached 200,000 person-times and the output value has reached 200 million yuan.
